Abstract
In this study, a compressible three-phase homogeneous model was established using ABAQUS/Explicit. These models can numerically simulate the pulsation process of cavitation bubbles in the free field, near the flat plate target, and near the curved boundary target. At the same time, these models can numerically simulate the strong nonlinear interaction between the cavitation bubble and its nearby wall boundaries. The mutual flow of liquid and gas and fluid solid coupling were solved by the Euler domain in simulation. The results of the numerical simulation were verified by comparing them with the experimental results. In this study, we used electric spark bubbles to represent cavitation bubbles. A high-speed camera was used to record the pulsation process of cavitation bubbles. This study first verified the pulsation process of cavitation bubbles in the free field, because it was the simplest case. Then we verified the interaction process between cavitation bubbles and different wall boundaries. In order to further confirm the credibility of the numerical simulation results, for each wall surface, this study used two burst distances (10 mm and 25 mm) for simulation verification. The numerical model established in this study could effectively simulate the pulsation characteristics of cavitation bubbles, such as the formation of jets and annular bubbles. After verification, the simulated cavitation bubble was almost the same as the cavitation bubble captured by the high-speed camera in the experiment in terms of time, volume, and shape. In this study, a detailed velocity field of the cavitation bubble collapse stage was obtained, which laid down the foundation for the study of the strong nonlinear interaction between the cavitation bubble and the target plates of different shapes. Compared with the experimental results, we found that the numerical model established by the simulation could accurately simulate the bubble pulsation and jet formation processes. In the experiment, the interval time for the bubble pictures taken by the high-speed camera was 41.66 μs per frame. Using a numerical model, the bubble pulsation process can be simulated at an interval of 1 µs per frame. Therefore, the numerical model established by the simulation could show the movement characteristics of the cavitation bubble pulsation process in more detail.
Highlights
Comparing the numerical simulation results with the experimental results, we found that the numerical model can effectively reproduce the basic characteristics of the bubble in the first pulsation stage
This paper studies the velocity field of the liquid around the bubble, and the jet formation process during the bubble collapse stage. Factors such as incompressible non-viscous liquids and the initial idealization of underwater explosion bubbles were set in the numerical research, the simplified model simulated most of the important pulsation processes of underwater explosion bubbles
It includes the pulsation of the first cycle of the bubble and the jet generated during the bubble collapse stage for the pulsation process of spark bubbles in the free field and two kinds of wall boundary conditions
Summary
Chisum and Shin [35], Abe et al [36], and Barras et al [37] studied underwater explosion bubbles using the finite element method They used two-dimensional calculations to simulate the behavior of bubbles near flat plate boundaries. This research provides another method to study cavitation bubbles in the free field and near the flat plate target and hemisphere target. This method can be used to study the pulsation process of cavitation bubbles near other types of boundaries. The three main goals of this research were as follows:
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