Numerical Study of the Effect of Surface Tension on Vapor Bubble Growth During Flow Boiling in Microchannels

Abstract

Microchannel heat sinks typically consist of parallel channels connected through a common header. During flow boiling random temporal and spatial formation of vapor bubbles may lead to reversed flow in certain channels which causing an early CHF condition. Inside the microchannels the liquid surface tension forces is expected to play an important role and impact the vapor bubble growth and corresponding wall heat transfer. In the present study growth of a vapor bubble inside a microchannel during flow boiling is numerically studied by varying the surface tension but keeping the value of contact angle constant. The complete Navier-Stokes equations along with continuity and energy equations are solved using the SIMPLER method. The liquid-vapor interface is captured using the level set technique. The fluid properties used are of water but the surface tension value is varied systematically. The effect of surface tension on bubble growth rate and wall heat transfer is quantified. The results indicate that for the range of parameters investigated surface tension has little influence on bubble growth and wall heat transfer.