Abstract
Recent devastating earthquakes in some countries, such as Pakistan, Turkey, Algeria and China, call to the mind the high risk exposure of Lebanon which is located over an active seismic zone. Many experts shared the view that major seismic event may occur in Lebanon in the future. Moreover, many earthquakes, of low magnitudes between three and four, have been registered in Lebanon during 2008. These events have increased the anxiety of Lebanese people because of the poor quality of the constructions and their behavior under moderate or severe earthquake events. The efficient way to minimize seismic effects, material and human losses, is the prevention. The system piles-foundation is an appropriate way and widely used to ensure the stability of constructions when subjected to seismic excitation. It seems necessary to study the interaction of pile-foundation-pile-cap-structure in the case of non linear soil behavior and the interface pile-soil. The study will be also conducted by using measures recorded during real earthquakes for example in Turkey (Kocaeli, 1999). In this paper, we present a numerical modeling of the interaction of using FLAC3D software. According to soil behavior and pile inclination, parametric studies are also performed. The analysis of the results could give the better piles group configuration in order to minimize the seismic effect on the structures.
Highlights
Recent devastating earthquakes in some countries, such as Pakistan, Turkey, Algeria and China, call to the mind the high risk exposure of Lebanon which is located over an active seismic zone
Many earthquakes, of low magnitudes between three and four, have been registered in Lebanon during 2008. These events have increased the anxiety of Lebanese people because of the poor quality of the constructions and their behavior that could undergo in the case of moderate or severe earthquake events
The efficient way to minimize seismic effects both material and human losses, is the prevention and in particular it is very important to enhance the foundations of the constructions
Summary
Recent devastating earthquakes in some countries, such as Pakistan, Turkey, Algeria and China, call to the mind the high risk exposure of Lebanon which is located over an active seismic zone. Due to the complexity of the problem of interaction soil-pile-structure and the strong coupling between the elements of foundation and structure, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of this problem. Non linear full 3D analyses considering the soil, piles and the superstructure are still limited Such studies were conducted in the linear domain ([1,2,3,4,5]) to analyse the influence of micropiles inclination and boundaries conditions on the seismic behaviour of the soil-micropile structure system. Gerolymos et al [6] used a full 3D finite element analysis to study the seismic performance of inclined piles assuming a linear behaviour of the soil and the structure. The analysis of the Loma Prieta earthquake ([8]) and Kobe ([9,10]) showed that structures based on inclined piles were less affected or damaged than other structures
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