Numerical study of heat transfer in hybrid nanofluid flow over permeable nonlinear stretching curved surface with thermal slip

Abstract

The hybrid nanofluid flow past a permeable curved surface with nonlinear stretching is considered in this analysis. Here two kinds of particles considered to examine the flow field over the exponentially curved surface with a porous medium. The mathematical model underflow assumptions are developed by using the Navier-Stokes equations. The mathematical model in terms of partial differential equations is reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations through suitable transformations. The reduced system in terms of ordinary differential equations is solved by using the numerical scheme bvp4c method. The effects of involved physical parameters on velocity and temperature profiles are highlighted through tables and graphs. The major focus of this work is to compare the hybrid nanofluid heat transfer scale to the simple nanofluid. Two cases namely suction and injection are debated. The obtained results are validated by developing comparison with existing literature. Temperature profile exhibits declining behavior for improving the values of solid nanoparticle concentration in injection case while temperature profile is increasing towards higher values of solid nanoparticle concentration in case of suction. Rate of heat transfer achieved lesser by hybrid nanofluid when compared to simple nanofluid. The positive curvature parameter enhanced the momentum boundary layer thickness for both cases injection and suction. On increasing solid nanoparticle concentration, the velocity profile enhanced for the case of suction and injection case.