Abstract
Heat transfer in partially ionized Erying-Powell liquid containing four types of nano-particles is discussed in this manuscript. Mathematical models for the mixture Erying-Powell plasma and nano-particles are developed and are solved by using finite element method (FEM). Numerical computations are carried out under tolerance 10-5. Physical parameters have significant effects on both thermal boundary layer thicknesses and momentum boundary layer thicknesses. Shear stresses at the surface can be minimized by the Hall and ion slip currents whereas the shear stresses at the sheet for Erying-Powell fluid are high as comparing to the Newtonian fluid. The rate of transfer of heat is significantly influenced by Hall and ion slip parameters. Highest rate of transfer of heat is observed for the case of TiO2 nano-particles. Therefore, it is recommended to disperse TiO2 nano-particles in Erying-Powell fluid for enhancement of heat transfer in Erying-Powell plasma.
Highlights
Blood and other biological fluids are those which do not follow Newton’s law of viscosity and are called non-Newtonian fluids
To the best of our knowledge, no study considering the effect of Hall and ion slip currents on three-dimensional heat transfer in partially ionized Erying-Powell liquid is discussed yet
The enhancement of heat transfer in Erying-Powell liquid in the presences of thermal radiation and Hall and ion-slip currents is studied via Galerkin finite element method (GFEM)
Summary
Blood and other biological fluids are those which do not follow Newton’s law of viscosity and are called non-Newtonian fluids. Hayat et al. studied the effects of magnetic fluid on heat transfer in radiative three-dimensional flow of Erying-Powell fluid over a moving surface. The effect of melting phenomenon of sheet on the transfer of heat in Erying-Powell fluid is discussed by Hayat et al.. The effect of thermophoretic and chemical reaction on the transport of mass and heat in Erying-Powell fluid are studied by Khan et al.. Ashraf et al. considered three dimensional heat transfer in nano-Erying-Powell fluid over an exponentially stretching. The amount of heat emitted per unit volume in the form of thermal radiations can be calculated through Stefan Boltzmann law. To the best of our knowledge, no study considering the effect of Hall and ion slip currents on three-dimensional heat transfer in partially ionized Erying-Powell liquid is discussed yet.
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