Abstract

Eruption clouds in explosive volcanic eruptions are a kind of free boundary shear flow with very high Reynolds numbers (Re > 10 8 ), and their dynamics are governed by the entrainment of ambient air into eruption clouds by turbulent mixing and the density change of eruption clouds accompanied by turbulent mix- ing. We developed a numerical pseudo-gas model which correctly simulates turbulent mixing in and around eruption clouds by employing three-dimensional coordinates, a high-order accuracy scheme, and a fine grid size. Our model has successfully reproduced the quantitative features of turbulent mixing at high Reynolds numbers observed in laboratory experiments as well as fundamental features of the dynamics of eruption clouds, such as the generation of eruption columns and/or pyroclastic flows.

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