Abstract
Abstract The main contribution of this research is to develop a FE model for evaluating impact loading against fabrics. Although the fabric model has been studied by some authors, this article contributes with a FE model with a new material formulation which takes into account the stress-strain limit to simulate the fabric rupture. As a case study, the author uses a bulletproof vest impact analysis and determine the number of sheets necessary to resist the ballistic impact. A sophisticated numerical algorithm is used. New constitutive equations are developed capable to take into account the material damage, yield stresses and rupture limits. This is based on elastoplasticity theory, with an adaptation of the function related to the hardening of the material. With this, it is possible to control the limits of the permissible stresses on the yarn and coating of the structural fabric and accurately represent the physical behavior of the materials used. The elastoplasticity and damage theories are developed and, finally, a numerical algorithm is presented for the determination of stresses, displacements and material deformations.
Highlights
The particle method can be used in several fields, especially into researches about structural fabrics
It consists in studying the armor systems modeling, protections against explosions and lightweight structural fabrics submitted to the impact of a projectile
The basic aim of this research was to present a methodology to dimension bulletproof vests formed by fabric shields, capable of resisting ballistic impacts
Summary
The particle method can be used in several fields, especially into researches about structural fabrics It consists in studying the armor systems modeling, protections against explosions and lightweight structural fabrics submitted to the impact of a projectile. Because there exist a wide range of applications for lightweight ballistic fabric shields, such as the protection of critical structural components in transport systems and the human body Important works in this field were presented by Zohdi and Powell (2006), Kato, Yoshino and Minami (1999), Pargana (2007) and Zohdi (2014c). When the initial limit tension σσyy0 is reached, the limit tension value σσyy may or may not remain constant with increasing deformation If this value does not depend on the increase of the plastic extension, the material has a perfectly plastic behavior, see Figure 25a. On the other hand, the value of the tension increase with the growth of the plastic extension, it is said that the material is undergoing a hardening, see Figure 25b
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