Abstract
A three-dimensional numerical flume is developed to study cnoidal wave interaction with multiple arranged perforated quasi-ellipse caissons. The continuity equation and the Navier-Stokes equations are used as the governing equation, and the VOF method is adopted to capture the free surface elevation. The equations are discretized on staggered cells and then solved using a finite difference method. The generation and propagation of cnoidal waves in the numerical flume are tested first. And the ability of the present model to simulate interactions between waves and structures is verified by known experimental results. Then cnoidal waves with varying incident wave height and period are generated and interact with multiple quasi-ellipse caissons with and without perforation. It is found that the perforation plays an effective role in reducing wave runup/rundown and wave forces on the caissons. The wave forces on caissons reduce with the decreasing incident wave period. The influence of the transverse distance of multiple caissons on wave forces is also investigated. A closer transverse distance between caissons can produce larger wave forces. But when relative adjacent distanceL/D(Lis the transverse distance andDis the width of the quasi-ellipse caisson) is larger than 3, the effect of adjacent distance is limited.
Highlights
Perforated caissons, which can weaken the wave reflection and reduce the wave forces [1], are common protection structures in coastal engineering, especially in the construction of vertical breakwaters and wharfs.During the past decades, many studies were carried out to investigate the performances of perforated structures, but mainly on perforated circular and rectangular caissons
Liu et al [8] developed a theoretical model to study the hydrodynamic performance of a perforated wall breakwater with a submerged horizontal porous plate using the linear potential theory
Using the eigenfunction expansion method, Sankarbabu et al [10] theoretically examined the hydrodynamic performance of a dual cylindrical breakwater which was formed by a row of caissons each of which consists of a porous outer cylinder circumscribing an impermeable inner cylinder
Summary
Perforated caissons, which can weaken the wave reflection and reduce the wave forces [1], are common protection structures in coastal engineering, especially in the construction of vertical breakwaters and wharfs. As aspects on numerical simulations, Chen et al [16] developed a numerical model based on a two-dimensional VOF method combined with the k-ε model and used the model to study wave interactions with perforated rectangular caisson breakwaters Later, this model was extended to investigate wave forces on a perforated caisson with a top cover. Wang et al [21] developed a 3D numerical model based on the VOF method to study the interactions between waves and a single quasi-ellipse caisson. The numerical model developed by Wang et al [21] is extended to study normally incident cnoidal waves interaction with multiple quasi-ellipse caissons and the influence of perforation.
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