Abstract
In this paper, a transient numerical simulation method is used to investigate the effects of the two furnace configurations on the thermal field: the shape of the melt–crystal (M/C) interface and the thermal stress in the growing multicrystalline ingot. First, four different power ratios (top power to side power) are investigated, and then three positions (i.e., the vertical, angled, and horizontal positions) of the insulation block are compared with the conventional setup. The power ratio simulation results show that with a descending power ratio, the M/C interface becomes flatter and the thermal stress in the solidified ingot is lower. In our cases, a power ratio of 1:3–1:4 is more feasible for high-quality ingot. The block’s position simulation results indicate that the horizontal block can more effectively reduce the radial temperature gradient, resulting in a flatter M/C interface and lower thermal stress.
Highlights
Photovoltaics (PV) is a rapidly growing market, with silicon (Si)-wafer-based PV technology accounting for approximately 95% of total production in this area in 2019
With a decrease in top power, the overall heat flux became vertical solidification fraction increased to 50%
According to the results, compared with the case of a power ratio of 1:1, the most suitable temperature distribution was obtained via simulation when the power ratio was 1:3–1:4
Summary
Photovoltaics (PV) is a rapidly growing market, with silicon (Si)-wafer-based PV technology accounting for approximately 95% of total production in this area in 2019. Based on the importance of the melt pattern [16,17,18], the furnace employed a traveling magnetic field to control the convection pattern These results indicated a higher growth rate and an improved quality of crystalline silicon ingots; the different effects were rather complicated. The authors of [19] showed that the melt flow and temperature distribution, in the upper part of the silicon region, can be significantly influenced by a magnetic field. In these studies, the authors focused on the flow pattern in melt instead of the thermal stress in solids. The temperature distribution, front shape, and thermal stress are presented along with a detailed heat-transfer mechanism to better understand this process and serve as a reference for furnace modification
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