Numerical simulation studies on the broad upshifted maximum of ionospheric stimulated electromagnetic emission

Abstract

Stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE) produced by interactions of high‐power radio waves with the Earth's ionosphere is currently a topic of significant interest in ionospheric modification physics. SEE is believed to be produced by nonlinear wave‐wave interactions involving the electromagnetic and electrostatic plasma waves in the altitude region where the pump wave frequency is near the upper hybrid resonance frequency. The most prominent upshifted feature in the SEE spectrum is the broad upshifted maximum (BUM). From characteristics of this feature, a four‐wave parametric decay process has been proposed as a viable mechanism for its production. The object of this work is to (1) investigate the early time nonlinear development of the four‐wave decay instability by using theoretical and numerical simulation models, (2) study the variation of the four‐wave decay instability spectral features for a wide range of plasma and pump wave parameters, and (3) access its possible role in the production of the BUM spectral feature. Results of this investigation show that there is good agreement between predictions of the proposed theoretical model and the numerical simulation experiments. The simulation electric field power spectrum exhibits many of the important features of the experimental observations. The numerical simulation results show that consideration of the full nonlinear development of the four‐wave parametric instability is crucial in providing insight into the asymmetric nature of the wave frequency spectrum observed during the experiments.