Abstract
The development of soil arching around the tunnel is greatly concerned in practice. This paper studies the development of soil arching induced by earth pressure balanced shield (EPBS) tunnelling in dry sand by using finite element method (FEM). The variation of vertical stress in monitoring section during tunnelling is discussed. The arch zone is determined based on the inflection points of the vertical stress σzz-depth curves, the shear surface and the changes of the porosity ratio in the tunnelling. The area ahead of the tunnel face forms the loosened zone because of the lack of the support pressure. The vertical stress σzz is significantly reduced in the loosened zone. Due to the influence of the support pressure, the volume loss and the grouting pressure on the soil surrounding tunnel, the arch zone gradually developed upward until segments are installed. The settlement of the arch zone is less than that of the loosened zone.
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