Abstract
The steady two-dimensional boundary layer flow past a stretching flat sheet in a water-based ferrofluid is investigated. The spatially varying magnetic field is created by two line currents. The similarity method is applied to transform the governing equations into a system of coupled ordinary differential equations. Numerical investigations are performed for ferrofluids, the suspensions of water, and three types of ferroparticles (magnetite, cobalt ferrite, and Mn-Zn ferrite). The impact of the solid volume fraction, the surface stretching parameter, and the ferromagnetic coefficient on the dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles, the skin friction coefficient, and the local Nusselt number are analysed for the three types of ferrofluid.
Highlights
The motivation for studying the flow of nanofluids is their significance in widespread industrial applications
Introduced the term nanofluid for a liquid when nanosized (1–100 nm) solid particles are dispersed in a base solution
The boundary layer flow and heat characteristics along stretching sheet have been examined by many researchers, for example, for fluids with variable physical properties, Andersson and Aarseth [28], Takhar et al [29], Pop et al [30], and Elbashbeshy and Bazid [31]
Summary
The motivation for studying the flow of nanofluids is their significance in widespread industrial applications. The boundary layer flow and heat characteristics along stretching sheet have been examined by many researchers, for example, for fluids with variable physical properties, Andersson and Aarseth [28], Takhar et al [29], Pop et al [30], and Elbashbeshy and Bazid [31]. Andersson [33] reported the effect of a uniform transverse magnetic field on the movement of electrically conductive Walters’ B fluid along a stretching surface. Our motivation is to study the nanofluid flow and heat transfer over a stretching sheet in a spatially varying magnetic field for nanofluids of water solution with three different ferromagnetic particles: Fe3 O4 , CoFe2 O4 , Mn-ZnFe2 O4.
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