Abstract
The method of direct numerical simulation is used to investigate temperature fluctuations in fully developed turbulent liquid metal flows. Subgrid scale models using one transport equation account for the turbulence not resolved by the finite difference grid. A special subgrid scale heat flux model for liquid metal flows is deduced together with a method of calculating the model coefficients. At very small Peclet numbers the temperatures become independent of model parameters.Numerical results for the Nusselt number in plane channels and for radial temperature and eddy conductivity profiles in annuli agree with published data. Nusselt numbers determined numerically for annuli indicate that many empirical correlations overestimate the influence of the ratio of radii. The numerical results for the eddy conductivity profiles may be used to reduce these problems. The statistical properties of the temperature fluctuations simulated are within the scatter band of experimental data. The numerical results confirm Lawn's theory, giving reasonable heat flux correlation coefficients which depend only weakly on the problem marking parameters.
Published Version
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