Abstract
The three-core photonic crystal fiber (TC-PCF) is proposed to obtain large group-velocity dispersion (GVD) because of the coupling effects between the fundamental modes (FMs) of the central core and higher-order modes (HOMs) of the two side cores. The supermodes of the TC-PCF can provide concave anomalous- and normal-GVD profiles with large peak values at the maximum dispersion wavelengths (MDWs), which can be shifted in three wavelength windows of 1030 nm, 1550 nm and 1900 nm by properly tuning the refractive indexes of the cores or the air-hole diameters. Furthermore, the numerical results show that two segments of the TC-PCFs with large anomalous GVDs and opposite values of the third-order dispersion (TOD) can provide much higher efficiency of pulse compression than one segment of the TC-PCF. Additionally, the TC-PCFs with large normal GVDs can be used to stretch pulses due to their low nonlinearities and short fiber lengths.
Highlights
A variety of optical devices with large anomalous and normal group-velocity dispersion (GVD) have been proposed, mainly including bulky optical components and fiber-optic devices
The results indicate that a trade-off exists between the maximum values of the GVD and the wavelength bandwidths for the three-core photonic crystal fiber (TC-photonic crystal fibers (PCFs))
An approach based on the TC-PCF is proposed to obtain the large GVD in the fiber
Summary
A variety of optical devices with large anomalous and normal GVD have been proposed, mainly including bulky optical components and fiber-optic devices. Bulky optical components, such as diffraction grating pairs [1] and prism pairs [2], exhibit large and tunable dispersion accompanied with low nonlinearity and loss. The hybrid multi-trench fiber (H-MTF) with two high-index cores (Ge-doped silica) positioned along the x-axis of the MTF, was proposed numerically to obtain an anomalous GVD of > 72 ps/(nm·km) at 1064 nm with large effective mode area (> 390 μm2) [17]. An alternative approach is proposed to obtain large normal and anomalous GVDs of the fiber based on the TC-PCF formed by one core in the center and two neighboring cores on the two sides surrounded by air-hole cladding. The cores and cladding of the proposed TC-PCF are made of Ge-doped silica and pure silica, and the fiber can be fabricated by using the stack-and-draw procedure [21]
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