Abstract
Variations of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) induced by dust aerosol are studied by using a regional climate model (RegCM4/Dust). Dust coupled and uncoupled experiments are carried out for the past decade (2000–2009). The coupled RegCM4 captures three centers of dust mixing ratio (DMR) located in the Taklamakan Desert, western Inner Mongolia, and northern Xinjiang, respectively, with maximum values greater than 500 µg kg−1in winter. The surface total radiation change induced by dust is negative, and its central value of −8 W m−2results in surface temperature cooling by 1.5°C in winter. Dust induced radiation change at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) is also negative in Northern China, except over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), and up to −5 W m−2in Central China. Dust cooling effects increase the sea level pressure (SLP) gradient between land and ocean, the cold surge frequency, and the East Asian jet stream (EAJ) intensity and then enhance the EAWM. The dry and cold wind pervade most areas of East Asia, suppressing large-scale precipitation and eventually leading to a rainfall decrease of about 10–30% in Northern China and the middle Yangtze River Valley.
Highlights
Aerosols are important atmospheric pollutants [1] and include particles of sulfate, black carbon, organic carbon, nitrate from human activities and dust, sea salt, and volcanic ash [2]
The sea level pressure (SLP), surface wind, 850 hPa atmospheric circulation, and East Asian jet stream (EAJ) represent the main characteristics of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) [54], and we first validated the above variables by using the NCEP-DOE reanalysis (Figure 2)
This paper used the latest version of RegCM4/Dust, to carry out coupled and uncoupled Dust experiments with a resolution of 50 km over East Asia from 2000 to 2009
Summary
Aerosols are important atmospheric pollutants [1] and include particles of sulfate, black carbon, organic carbon, nitrate from human activities and dust, sea salt, and volcanic ash [2]. Radiation Measurement Mobile Facility mission in China (AMF-China), and the East Asian Study of Tropospheric Aerosols: International Regional Experiment (EAST-AIRE) [10] These observations provide a basis for understanding dust aerosol particle properties, transport, and their climatic effects [9,10,11]. Asian summer monsoon (EASM), using coarse resolution global climate models (GCMs) [23, 24], and their effects are still uncertain on regional scales since dust concentrations over East Asia tend to be systematically underestimated by GCMs [25, 26]. This situation has been improved in recent years by the development of regional climate models (RCMs). We study dust aerosol effects on the EAWM to fill the gaps in this field
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