Numerical Simulation of Sediment Transport Near Shipping Channels in Harbors

Abstract

Numerical simulation of sediment transport is considered as a coupled problem based on computation of profiles of water velocity and suspended sediment concentration. Effects of the water velocity profile and turbulent pulsation on vertical motion of particles are emphasized. These effects allow explanation of amplified sediment deposit in viscous separation zones near both natural and manmade bottom irregularities (like walls of shipping channels). The unique numerical technique for separated flow computation is developed on the basis of viscous-inviscid interaction concept. This technique is validated by experimental data for turbulent flows over backward-facing steps. New results for conditions inherent to flow separation over seabed are obtained. A semi-empirical approach to determination of sediment concentration is suggested.