Numerical simulation of photonic-crystal tellurite-tungstate glass fibres used in parametric fibre devices

Abstract

Using the MIT Photonic-Bands Package to calculate fully vectorial definite-mode eigenmodes of Maxwell's equations with periodic boundary conditions in a plane-wave basis, light propagation is simulated in fibres formed by point defects in two-dimensional periodic lattices of cylindrical holes in a glass or of glass tubes. The holes and gaps between tubes are assumed filled with air. Single-site hexagonal and square lattices are considered, which were most often studied both theoretically and experimentally and are used to fabricate silica photonic-crystal fibres. As a defect, a single vacancy is studied — the absent lattice site (one hole in a glass or one of the tubes are filled with the same glass) and a similar vacancy with nearest neighbours representing holes of a larger diameter. The obtained solutions are analysed by the method of effective mode area. The dependences of the effective refractive index and dispersion of the fundamental mode on the geometrical parameters of a fibre are found. The calculations are performed for tellurite-tungstate 80TeO2–20WO3 glass fibres taking into account the frequency dispersion of the refractive index.