Numerical simulation of leakage jet flame hazard of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle in open space

Abstract

The jet fire is a common type of fire accident in high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles. It is crucial to conduct research on the thermal radiation hazards resulting from on-board hydrogen storage bottle leaks, leading to jet fires within 35 MPa. Additionally, accurately and swiftly calculating the characteristic parameters of hydrogen jet flames, such as flame geometry and radiation heat flow, is of utmost importance. To study the jet fire hazard caused by high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder leaks, a simplified model of the hydrogen storage cylinder was established using FLUENT software for numerical simulation analysis. The study analyzed the impact patterns of high-pressure hydrogen leakage jet flames under different scenarios, including leakage aperture, leakage pressure and ambient wind speed. The results demonstrate a positive correlation between the leakage aperture and pressure with the size of the jet flame and the extent of thermal radiation damage. The larger the leakage aperture and pressure, the larger the hydrogen jet flame size. The higher the peak value of the flame thermal radiation, the greater the hazard range. Additionally, the temperature of the stable axis of the jet flame rises with increasing leakage aperture. As the leakage pressure rises, the thermal radiation of the flame also increases. Conversely, as the ambient wind speed increases, the flame length, the burn radius, and the thermal radiation range decreases, but the high-temperature heat range expands. The empirical formula between flame length and leakage pressure and leakage aperture under different environmental wind speeds is obtained by data fitting, which can be used as a priori prediction of flame length under wind speed conditions.