Numerical Simulation of Jeffrey Hamel Flow of Nanofluid in the Presence of Gyrotactic Microorganisms

Abstract

The nonlinear differential equations play a prominent role in mathematically describing many phenomena that occur in our world. A similar set of equations appear in this paper that govern the nanofluid flow between two non-parallel walls in the presence of gyrotactic microorganisms that are responsible for bioconvection. These microorganisms ensure the safety of the appliance by avoiding the accumulation of nanoparticles and the movement of these nanoparticles within the fluid experiences major slip mechanisms as discussed by Buongiorno. Further, the orientation of the channel is described by the parameter β and based on this parameter channel is said to be converging if and the channel is diverging if . The case when corresponds to a channel with parallel walls, hence this case is ignored. Following these assumptions, the set of governing equations thus formed are made dimensionless and further solved by the Differential Transformation Method (DTM) and the outcomes are discussed through graphs. The analysis is performed for both converging and diverging orientation of the channel. The results indicate that the temperature and the concentration profiles increase with the increase in Brownian motion parameters in both divergent and convergent channels. Meanwhile, the increase in Reynolds number decreases the temperature of the nanofluid. Through the simulation, it was observed that the heat flow is taking place along the isothermal planes in the case of the diverging channel but it was uniform in the domain of the converging channel.