Abstract
Many mechanisms can be responsible for fluctuations of sound intensity and phase through the atmosphere over the Earth’s surface. In this Letter, the effect of wind gusts on received intensity at short range is examined. Using a parabolic approximation, relative intensity for a continuous wave (cw) omnidirectional source is calculated using the effective sound‐speed profiles obtained from meteorological data. Two characteristic scale thicknesses are used to model the wind gust profiles. The thinner layer thickness can result in temporal intensity fluctuations as high as 10 dB at a range of 100 m. It is emphasized that these fluctuations are refractive and deterministic. In an actual experiment, these fluctuations would be detected along with additional variations caused by wind noise turbulent scattering.
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