Numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer in magnetic nanofluid flow by a rotating disk with variable fluid properties

Abstract

The study of fluid flow over a rotating disk is critically significant due to its applications in various industries and engineering and scientific fields. Ferrohydrodynamics of magnetic fluid experience the effects of magnetic fields incorporated with the walls of the rotating disk. The current investigation considers the ferrohydrodynamic flow of magnetic nanofluid caused by a rotating disk with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and geothermal viscosity. The viscosity of magnetic nanofluid is directly proportional to the linear relation of depth and inversely proportional to temperature. The Navier–Stokes equations with the Maxwell equations of magnetization are modified to govern the fundamental partial differential equations and through transformations of similarity we obtained ordinary differential equations. It is inferred that rotation of the disk significantly boosts the radial movement of flow, and a loss is observed for other parameters such as variable viscosity, magnetic field parameter, and Reynolds number. Moreover, the heat transfer is enhanced considerably for increasing the Prandtl number, and the larger value of the rotation parameter depicts a weaker concentration phenomenon. Also, the Nusselt number show a decline curve for variable thermal conductivity parameter. Finally, the current findings can successfully fill a gap in the existing literature.