Abstract
In this work, the flow and temperature fields of a thermally stratified reservoir under different settings of a water-separating curtain are simulated by using the standard k-ε turbulence model. In the simulation, two different equations of state including Boussinesq approximation and the density-temperature function have been used and compared. This study shows that Boussinesq approximation is more time-saving, and the density-temperature function has higher computational accuracy. Thus, the standard k-ε turbulence model with two equations of state is applied to study the effect of adding a water-separating curtain in the stratified reservoir on the Discharged Water Temperature (DWT). It is found that adding the Water-Separating Curtain (WSC) can effectively increase the discharged water temperature. Moreover, the different arrangements of WSC have obvious effects on the discharged water temperature. For example, the increased temperature by adding a WSC with full sealing is 1 °C higher than that by using the WSC with a bottom opening height of 2 m. However, the maximum pressure difference acting on the WSC for the former WSC is 100 Pa higher than that for the latter WSC. In addition, this study shows that the different equations of state have little effect on the simulation results. Considering the calculation efficiency, equations of state using the Boussinesq approximation can be recommended to save the calculation time.
Highlights
The construction and operation of large and deep reservoirs have changed the surrounding ecological environment, especially leading to the change of water temperature distribution.The reservoir has formed the thermal stratification of water temperature after it was established [1].Due to the requirement of power generation efficiency, the inlet of a hydropower station is often located at a low elevation
This study applying a standard k-ε turbulence model to Sanbanxi Reservoir investigates the flow and temperature fields with a water-separating curtain different from the above settings, and the difference of the simulated results using the two equations of state will be studied in detail
Since the simulated flow and temperature fields change very little using the two equations of state, cases B1 and B2 are taken for analysis
Summary
The construction and operation of large and deep reservoirs have changed the surrounding ecological environment, especially leading to the change of water temperature distribution. Based on the simulated results, the longitudinal velocity distribution and the outlet water temperature change will be analyzed, and the differences of calculation efficiency between the two methods are compared. He et al built a 3-D hydro-thermal-tracer model to study the effect of vertical temperature distribution, water level and flow rate on DWT with no WSC [17]. This study applying a standard k-ε turbulence model to Sanbanxi Reservoir investigates the flow and temperature fields with a water-separating curtain different from the above settings, and the difference of the simulated results using the two equations of state will be studied in detail
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