Abstract
The crystalline solid-air in the liquid hydrogen will cause erosion or friction on the elbow, which is directly related to the safety of liquid hydrogen transportation. The CFD-DPM model was used to study the erosion characteristics of solid-air to liquid hydrogen pipelines. Results show that the outer wall of the cryogenic liquid hydrogen elbow has serious erosion in the range of 60–90°, which is different from the general elbow. The erosion rate is linearly positively correlated with the mass flow of solid-air particles, and the erosion rate has a power function relationship with the liquid hydrogen flow rate. The fitted relationship curve can be used to predict the characteristics and range of the elbow erosion. The structure of the liquid hydrogen elbow also has an important influence on the solid-cavity erosion characteristics. The increase of the radius of curvature is conducive to the reduction of the maximum erosion rate, while the average erosion rate undergoes a process of increasing and then decreasing. The radius of curvature is 60 mm, which is the inflection point of the average erosion rate of the 90° elbow. The research results are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of liquid hydrogen pipeline erosion.
Highlights
Liquid hydrogen as a green, carbon-free, high-efficiency energy source is widely used in aerospace, industry, chemical, automotive, and other fields [1,2,3]
Different from the existing literature, the fitting relationship was analyzed between the erosion rate and different parameters, and provides a technical basis for guiding the erosion optimization strategy of liquid hydrogen pipelines and hydrogen safety research
[34], the erosion degree caused by the solid hollow partiTo obtain the erosion condition of the wall surface and the location of the severely the liquid hydrogen flowmore rate and static pressure distribution diagram shown in clesarea, inFrom thethe liquid uniform
Summary
Liquid hydrogen as a green, carbon-free, high-efficiency energy source is widely used in aerospace, industry, chemical, automotive, and other fields [1,2,3]. Sustainability 2021, 13, 13303 structural optimization, which further verifies that CFD-DPM (Discrete Phase Model) simulation can be used to guide optimization design. The CFD-DPM model has proven to be effective for studying the erosion characteristics of pipelines. Pereira et al [12] studied the influence of different restoration coefficient selections, erosion models, particle numbers, and wall roughness on the accuracy of elbow erosion prediction. The CFD-DPM model is applied to obtain the erosion characteristics of solid-air in the elbow under cryogenic conditions. Different from the existing literature, the fitting relationship was analyzed between the erosion rate and different parameters, and provides a technical basis for guiding the erosion optimization strategy of liquid hydrogen pipelines and hydrogen safety research
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