Abstract
An improved mathematical model to describe the decarburization process in basic oxygen furnaces for steelmaking is presented in this work. This model takes into account those factors or parameters that determine the bath-oxygen impact area, such as the cavity depth, the lance height, the number of nozzles and the nozzles diameter. In the thermal issue, the model includes the targeted carbon content and temperature. The model is numerically solved, and is validated using reported data plant. The oxygen flow rate and the lance height are varied in the numerical simulations to study their effect on the carbon content and decarburization rate.
Highlights
The basic oxygen furnace (BOF) is the world most important technology for producing raw steel from molten pig iron [1]
The improved decarburization model is validated using data plant reported in the literature
Numerical simulations are carried out to: 1) validate a particular numerical solution of the mathematical model with data plant taken from the literature; 2) analyze the influence of oxygen gas flow rate and lance height on the carbon content and the decarburization rate
Summary
The basic oxygen furnace (BOF) is the world most important technology for producing raw steel from molten pig iron [1]. A dynamic model, on the contrary, controls the blowing period of the BOF steelmaking and calculates the amounts of oxygen and coolant requirements, and predicts the end-point carbon content and temperature of molten steel [3]. Some mathematical models have been recently reported to study oxygen steelmaking decarburization [1] [5] [6] These models are comprehensive and first-principles based, their complexity prevent that plant engineers and less trained operators employ them successfully. A less complex mathematical model previously reported in the literature [7] is presented in this work This model considers that [C]c = 0.3 wt%, and two decarburization mechanisms prevail: in the first one for [C] ≤ [C]c the rate of carbon removal depends on the bath-oxygen impact area, whereas in the second one for [C] > [C] the decaburization rate is determined by the oxygen flow rate. Numerical simulations are carried out to analyze the influence of the oxygen flow rate and the lance height on the carbon content and the decarburization rate
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