Abstract
When designing a hand caliber with a high-temperature, high-pressure internal fluid transport pipe, reliability, safe use, and performance must be considered. Reliability refers to the stress caused by thermo-mechanical load; safe use refers to the low-temperature burns that might occur upon contact, and high-temperature burns caused by gas leakage occurring in the cylinder gap; and performance refers to projectile velocity. In this study, numerical simulation methods for heat transfer, structure analysis, and gas leakage are proposed so that solutions can be designed to account for the above three criteria. Furthermore, a hand-caliber design guide is presented. For heat transfer and structural analysis, mesh size, the transient convective heat transfer coefficient, and boundary conditions are described. Regarding gas leakage, methods reflecting projectile motion and determination of the molecular weight of the propellant are described. As a result, a designed hand caliber will have a high reliability, because the thermo-mechanical stress is lower than the yield stress. There will be little risk of low-temperature burns, but there will be a high temperature-burn risk, owing to gas leakage in the cylinder gap. The larger the cylinder-gap size, the greater the gas leakage and the smaller projectile velocity. The presented numerical simulation method can be applied to evaluate various aspects of other structures that require high-temperature, high-pressure fluid-transport pipes.
Highlights
IntroductionReliability and performance should be at the forefront. even with the best designs, unexpected problems can occur during use
When designing any product, reliability and performance should be at the forefront
This study addresses the design of a hand-caliber that uses a high-temperature, high-pressure internal fluid transport pipe, in consideration of reliability, safe use, and performance
Summary
Reliability and performance should be at the forefront. even with the best designs, unexpected problems can occur during use. When approaching a hand-caliber design that accounts for reliability, safe use, and performance by numerical methods, heat-transfer, structural, and gas-leak analyses are required. (2) The stress analysis of the hand caliber was caused by thermo-mechanical loading at high-temperatures and pressures inside the barrel. Using the heat-transfer and structure-coupled finite element analysis method, the strength of the barrel under thermo-mechanical loads was evaluated, and a study was performed on the thermo-mechanical stress response through projectile friction, contact pressure between projectile and barrel, and grain size and initial temperature of double-base propellants [10,11,12]. This study proposes a numerical simulation method to design a hand caliber for reliability, safe use, and performance. The amount of gas leakage in the cylinder gap was predicted, determining the effect of the cylinder-gap size on the gas-leakage amount and the projectile velocity
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