Abstract
Taking a practical project as an example, based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD), standard k-ε model and finite element method, a mathematical model for the diffusion due to liquefied natural gas (LNG) pipeline leakage in a tunnel was established, and the diffusion process was numerically simulated for three LNG leakage cases. From the simulation results, the variation of CH4 concentration field and explosive gas cloud with time within the tunnel, and the influence of leakage location on the diffusion was analyzed for the three cases. It was shown that the variation of CH4 concentration field had a similar trend for the three cases, but the CH4 explosive gas cloud length increased rapidly with the LNG leakage intensity so that dangerous situations would occur for the medium and large leakages, and a leak location closer to air inlet would lead to a more dangerous situation. When the amount of LNG leakage in the tunnel is large, the effect of mechanical ventilation is obviously weakened. Furthermore, a nitrogen seal precaution was proposed for the situations.
Highlights
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is an efficient, clean, and relatively inexpensive energy source and widely used in every daily life, industrial production, and other fields
In 1944, an LNG leakage explosion occurred at an LNG station in Cleveland, USA
Baalisampang et al [9] developed an evaluation method for cascade accidents caused by LNG leakage
Summary
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is an efficient, clean, and relatively inexpensive energy source and widely used in every daily life, industrial production, and other fields. Baalisampang et al [9] developed an evaluation method for cascade accidents caused by LNG leakage This method uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software FLACS simulation of LNG leakage on a series of disasters and considers the evolving scenario, namely, from a liquid pool after LNG evaporation followed by combustion, explosion, and yielding combustion products. One is the Cove Point LNG Technical Tunnel in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, USA, with a total length of 1,947 m, parted in the seafloor and the land, of which 1,607 m on the seafloor and 340 m on the land The former is constructed by the immersed pipe method in the form of a single slope, with joints of pipe sections sealed and waterproof by welding steel plates and filling with concrete. A protective measure of nitrogen-filling sealing is hereby proposed, which is of great significance to the safety of LNG pipeline leakage within the tunnel
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