Abstract
This paper studies the CFD simulation of forward three-dimensional (3-D) horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) blades. Using logarithmic grid and Q-criterion to learn the vortex dynamics around the blades at low rotational speed. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation uses Q-criterion to probe vortices and logarithmic grid to emphasize the micro-gridding effect of the turbulent boundary layer. The visualization & measurement of the simulation results give the coefficient of pressure (Cp). For forward 3-D wind turbine blade, at low rotational speed, the strongly accelerated laminar region surrounds the lower blade, and the decelerated tip blade region coalesce each other give rise to a reverse limiting streamline, eroding the laminar region further until a little is left on the tip of the blade. The "reverse limiting streamline" grows inward radially, the area is narrowing closing to the leading edge of the blade tip. The second side of the rolled-up vortex appears the velocity ratio (Uc/Ulocal) of the second vortices are higher than the main vortex cores. For radius R=1.547 m, U=12 m/s, at 210 RPM, CL and CD values reach a maximum with fully laminar tip conditions. While at 120 RPM, the CL and CD values reach a minimum in the absence of laminar tips. The results show the detailed vortex dynamic pattern surround the blades, give more understanding to design laminar 3-D blade toward a noiseless wind turbine system.
Highlights
The power of 3-D horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) blade models with backward-swept has been investigated, and the stream designs have been verified using visualization of the stream
This paper demonstrated the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation results using DES to forward 3-D HAWT blade model
As the top zone which encroached by the reversed stall area, the remaining laminar region is the leading-edge area towards the blade tip
Summary
The power of 3-D HAWT blade models with backward-swept has been investigated, and the stream designs have been verified using visualization of the stream. The blade structures are designed employing the distributions of chord and twist following the formula of Schmitz. The sliced of HAWT blades were uniform as divided independently as there was not any exchange of momentum span wisely. Testing of performance and design of the blade were performed (Bai, Hsiao, Li, Huang, & Chen, 2013; Plaza, Bardera, & Visiedo, 2015; Singh & Ra, 2013; Velázquez et al, 2014). Substantial involvement of German and Russian experts Joukowsky, Glauert had to be documented (Okulov, Sørensen, & Wood, 2014). Pumping effects and Coriolis force took part importance roles (Hu, Hua, & Du, 2006)
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