Abstract

The dynamic behavior and evolution of particles were numerically investigated by a new model based on the large-eddy simulation approach coupled with the direct quadrature method of moments, especially for the near-wake region behind the studied vehicle where the most rapid change in the dilution ratio has taken place. The numerical results show that the particles are drawn up into the recirculation region and then moved into the upper vortex by its lower vortex. The nucleation rate is much more associated with the distribution of the root mean square temperature than with that of the temperature itself. The particle volume concentration is the highest in the recirculation region behind the studied vehicle and diluted gradually beyond the recirculation region in the downstream.

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