Numerical modelling of fluid flows in square billet moulds, using a new nozzle orientation in the presence of an in-mould rotary electromagnetic stirrer

Abstract

ABSTRACTAn electromagnetic field simulation along with a fluid flow analysis model were developed, to study the effect of the submerged entry nozzle’s (SEN) angle of rotation, together with a rotational electromagnetic field, on the turbulent liquid steel flow within a curved, square mould of a billet continuous caster. The Realisable-k-ϵ turbulence model and the volume of fluid multiphase model were implemented, so as to simulate the effect of turbulent fluid flow on the shape of the top liquid steel meniscus. Similarly, the magnetic induction method was employed for simulating the effects of rotating magnetic fields on the flow patterns developed within the mould region. The predicted magnetic field and fluid flows were validated against previous experimental work. Predicted results demonstrated that fluid flows and the shape of the liquid steel meniscus could be significantly modified by changing the orientation of the SEN’s ports in the presence of a low-frequency rotating magnetic field.