Abstract
Enforcing solid boundary conditions is one of the most challenging parts of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method and many different approaches have been recently developed. Better understanding of interaction forces between solid bodies is of great importance in the investigation of structural stability and armor layer displacement in breakwaters. In this study, performance of repulsive force and dynamic boundary conditions have been investigated and showed that non-physical results are presented in non-cohesive contact. In this paper, a non-cohesive contact model in multi-body hydrodynamic systems has been developed and validated against other common boundary conditions. Using the developed contact model, the effect of regular and irregular placement of cubic concrete armors has been investigated. Also, comparison has been made with Van Buchem (2009) experimental results and concluded that in the irregular case it is more possible that a unit moves toward instability.
Highlights
Investigation of structural stability and armor layer displacement in breakwaters, due to wave force effect is of great importance in the design of this type of marine structures
Similar to the repulsive force method, a layer of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) particles were defined as rigid boundary
This error may be originated by the fact that in dynamic boundary condition, physical variables of boundary particles are calculated from the solution of fluid equations
Summary
Investigation of structural stability and armor layer displacement in breakwaters, due to wave force effect is of great importance in the design of this type of marine structures. Hashemi et al, using a boundary condition based on lubrication force, simulated motion of rigid bodies in incompressible non-Newtonian fluid flows (Hashemi et al, 2012) In this method, similar to the repulsive force method, a layer of SPH particles were defined as rigid boundary. There are two major problems in applying appropriate boundary condition in an SPH-based computational model: 1) The first issue is discontinuity in the vicinity of a particle and error in the approximation function for this point. This problem happens in free surface and rigid boundaries, since there are no particles near these surfaces. Two most common rigid boundary treatments of SPH method are introduced in Table (1):
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