Abstract
The numerical modeling of a copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS)-based kesterite solar cell is described in detail in this article. To model FTO/ZnO/CdS/CZTS/MO structured solar cells, the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator-one-dimension (SCAPS-1D) program was utilized. Numerical modeling was used to estimate and assess the parameters of various photovoltaic thin film solar cells. The impact of different parameters on solar cell performance and conversion efficiency were explored. Because the response of a solar cell is partly determined by its internal physical mechanism, J-V characteristic characteristics are insufficient to define a device’s behavior. Regardless of the conviction in solar cell modeling, variable attributes as well as many probable conditions must be handled for simulation. Promising optimized results were obtained with a conversion efficiency of (η% = 25.72%), a fill factor of (FF% = 83.75%), a short-circuit current of (JSC = 32.96436 mA/cm2), and an open-circuit voltage of (VOC = 0.64 V). The findings will aid in determining the feasibility of manufacturing high-efficiency CZTS-based solar cells. First, in the SCAPS-1D environment, the impacts of experimentally constructed CZTS solar cells were simulated. The experimental data was then compared to the simulated results from SCAPS-1D. After optimizing cell parameters, the conversion efficiency of the improved system was observed to rise. The influence of system factors, such as the thickness, acceptor, and donor carrier concentration densities of the absorber and electron transport layers, and the effect of temperature on the efficiency of CZTS-based photovoltaic cells, was explored using one-dimensional SCAPS-1D software. The suggested findings will be extremely useful to engineers and researchers in determining the best method for maximizing solar cell efficiency, as well as in the development of more efficient CZTS-based solar cells.
Highlights
Solar cells have evolved as a more modern and comparatively renewable energy source that, when generated on a larger scale, is both environmentally beneficial and cost effective
The absorber layer thickness of a device has a direct influence on conversion efficiency (η)
The impact of the absorber layer (CZTS) thickness on solar cell performance is shown in Table 4 and Figure 2a
Summary
Solar cells have evolved as a more modern and comparatively renewable energy source that, when generated on a larger scale, is both environmentally beneficial and cost effective. The fundamental benefit of solar devices is that they deliver low-cost, long-lasting, and environmentally benign energy by utilizing highly scalable and adaptable organicpolymer materials. Several factors, such as degradation processes generated by air exposure, humidity, ultraviolet radiation, water, and heat, contribute to the decline in their energy efficiency and longevity [3]. Thin film technology is a major area of research in the photovoltaic industry since it is one of the most cost-effective and efficient techniques for generating solar cells. The sulfur-based kestkesterite solar cell absorber (CZTS), in particular, has the potential to deliver a significant amount of energy at a low cost due to the abundance of raw materials. The effects of the absorber, buffer, and window layers’ thickness, doping concentration, and working temperature, as well as the working temperature, on the cell performance were explored
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