Abstract
Growing needs in transportation determinate systems development which improve efficiency of travel and reduce harmful influence to environment. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) uses numerical analysis to find optimal solutions in terms of chosen objective function. Time save and reduce costs for experiments on prototypes are one of the advantages of this method. The aim of this research is to analyze airflow around different motor vehicles which are moving together in the same direction. To reduce fuel consumption and, at the same time, decrease negative influence to environment, the primary target was reducing total drag force during a ride. The vehicles were set in a column - one after another. In this work considered three types of vehicles: Car, Van and a Truck. Presented vehicles were organized into appropriate groups, creating different configuration. Additional parameter in simulation was distance between vehicles. Simulations of singular vehicles were also done. It allows to evaluate influence of moving vehicles in a column for generated drag force. Described traffic situation were modeled and numerically calculated using ANSYS® package. The purpose of this work was to assess the impact of the distance between vehicles, in a given configuration, for generated drag force.
Highlights
More and more studies concentrate on realistic situation on road, where information about aerodynamic characteristic such as drag and lift of singular vehicle is not enough
The study of aerodynamic interaction between vehicles has been investigated for six different configuration
Relationship between spacing and drag coefficient for all configurations is presented on charts (Fig.4 - Fig.9)
Summary
More and more studies concentrate on realistic situation on road, where information about aerodynamic characteristic such as drag and lift of singular vehicle is not enough. Increasing of fuel efficiency and improving driver comfort and safeness. Fuel efficiency increase because of reducing pressure and friction drag force, which is result of moving in environment of surrounding fluid (air). Reduce of air drag force is significant aspect in saving energy of moving vehicles. Estimating, the air drag is generating about 52% of total resistance in motion at 100km/h for large, heavy tracks [8]. For this reason aerodynamic characteristics of vehicles are very important
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