Abstract
ABSTRACT Considering the frequent flooding of urban centers, the financial limitations and the inefficient management of Urban Drainage (UD) systems in Brazilian municipalities, it is necessary that projects be developed efficiently. These objectives are achieved with the correct definition of the diameter and galleries slope, resulting in adequate hydraulic ratios. It is also necessary to guarantee the flow without backwater, by verifying the energy grade line along the network. There are software capable of assisting the calculation, which, however, do not report optimized solutions. A vector-based numerical modeling is presented for the optimized sizing of a UD gallery system. This model was applied in an area and its results were compared with those obtained by two software in the Brazilian market. It is demonstrated the optimization developed contributes to increases the efficiency in the design. The main scientific contributions are: to characterize and model the typical design slopes, to obtain the optimum slope combined with the smaller diameter; to explore the potential of the hydraulic ratios above those normally employed, with positive effects on the definition of {D, ig} and the economy in the system; and to implement a recursive solution from a cycle of interdependent information, ensuring accuracy of results.
Highlights
The fast cities’ growth and the lack of urban territorial plan have increased the surface runoff due to sealing, overloading urban drainage systems (MACEDO et al, 2018)
In initial stretches of these systems, rainwater covers the gutter to the limit of its capacity, when caught by inlets (BLs) (DIOGO; SCIAMMARELLA, 2008)
Roughness and slope are known, the diameter of the gallery can be calculated as a free duct as operating in full section
Summary
The fast cities’ growth and the lack of urban territorial plan have increased the surface runoff due to sealing, overloading urban drainage systems (MACEDO et al, 2018). Flood scenarios resulting this urbanization are common in Brazilian cities, which can cause an increase of up to 139% volume drained and up to 165% in the peak flow of hydrogram according to the execution performed by Chang, Pinheiro and Lopes (2015). Roughness and slope are known, the diameter of the gallery can be calculated as a free duct as operating in full section It was calculated the flow speed and travel time determining tc to downstream in order to obtain a new design rain and the subsequent stretches flow, considering the increase in contribution areas (BEDIENT; HUBER; VIEUX, 2008)
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