Abstract
Coaxial electrohydrodynamic jet (CE-Jet) printing is an encouraging method for fabrication of high-resolution micro and nanostructures in MEMS systems. This paper presents a novel simulation work based on phase field method which is considered as a precise technique in fluid dynamics. The study explores influence of various parameters such as applied voltage, needle-substrate distance, dynamic viscosity, relative permittivity, needle size and flow rate on stability and resolution of CE-Jet morphologies. The morphology of CE-Jet exhibits that width of cone-jet profile and printed structures on substrate were directly proportional to relative permittivity and flow rate. In addition, it was inversely proportional to dynamic viscosity and applied voltage. The study examine that CE-Jet length of inner liquid is inversely proportional to needle-substrate distance in same time. It was later verified in experimental study by producing stable CE-Jet morphology with 300 μm diameter using optimized parameters (i.e., DC voltage 7.0 kV and inner liquid flow rate 400 nl/min) as compared to other validation studies such as 400 μm and 500 μm. The CE-Jet printing technique investigates significant changes in consistency and stability of CE-Jet morphologies and makes Jet unique and comparable when adjustment accuracy reaches 0.01 mm. PZT sol line structures with a diameter of 1 µm were printed directly on substrate using inner needle (diameter of 120 µm). Therefore, it is considered as a powerful tool for nano constructs production in M/NEMS devices.
Highlights
Electrospray (ES) system which can synthesize monodisperse PLGA-coated particles containing multiple drugs in one step[19]
The simulation results are mainly divided into two parts change of CE-Jet morphology when no electric field is applied to needle and when electric field is applied to the needle
The basic theory for CE-Jet printing technology is presented which is based on phase field simulation
Summary
Electrospray (ES) system which can synthesize monodisperse PLGA-coated particles containing multiple drugs in one step[19]. To state the limitations of existing work, the present study conducts a particular CE-Jet numerical simulation analysis which addresses influence of different parameters by solving the Navier–Stokes, Cahn–Hilliard and electric field equations during phase field method. The purpose of this simulation work is to illustrate technical routes of direct writing method in CE-Jet printing in order to optimize Jet diameter and print stable continuous line structures using PZT sol and photoresist (AZ703) as inner liquids. Simulation work ends up with original model involving moving boundaries
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