Abstract
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been used in orthopedics as one of the materials for artificial joints in knee, hip and spine prostheses, most of the implanted joints are designed so that the metal of the prosthesis is articulate against a polymeric material, however the main problems is the average life time of the UHMWPE due to wear, and the particles generated by the friction of the metal on the articulation of the polymer are the most common inducer of osteolysis, generating a loosening of the implant leading to an imminent failure resulting in the total replacement of the prosthesis. In this investigation a numerical model of abrasive wear was made using the classic Archard wear equation applied to dynamic simulation of finite element analysis (FEA) of the micro-abrasion test using a subroutine written in Fortran language linked to the finite element software to predict the rate of wear. The results of the numerical model were compared with tests of abrasive wear in the laboratory, obtaining a margin of error below 5%,concluding that the numerical model is feasible for the prediction of the rate of wear and could be applied in knowing the life cycle of joint prostheses or for the tribological analysis in industrial machinery or cutting tools. The wear coefficient (K) was obtained from the grinding tests depending on the depth of stroke of the crater, which was analyzed by 3D profilometry to obtain the wear rate and the wear constant.
Highlights
IntroductionAbrasive wear is simulated; this happens when a surface is damaged by the introduction of a material harder than the base material
Wear by contact between surfaces is one of the main causes in the reduction of the life time of the components in industrial machinery, tools and in biomedical parts [1].Wear is a process that occurs on the surfaces of solid bodies due to the friction of another body; modifying the macro and micro surface geometry of the structure and the properties of the surface layers; with or without loss of material [2].In the work, abrasive wear is simulated; this happens when a surface is damaged by the introduction of a material harder than the base material
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been used in orthopedics as one of the materials for artificial joints in knee, hip and spine prostheses, most of the implanted joints are designed so that the metal of the prosthesis is articulate against a polymeric material, the main problems is the average life time of the UHMWPE due to wear, and the particles generated by the friction of the metal on the articulation of the polymer are the most common inducer of osteolysis, generating a loosening of the implant leading to an imminent failure resulting in the total replacement of the prosthesis
Summary
Abrasive wear is simulated; this happens when a surface is damaged by the introduction of a material harder than the base material. The harder material is introduced into the system in the form of particles, which enter externally or can be generated internally by oxidation or other chemical processes. Previous studies of problems related to wear in knee prostheses suggest that wear debris is capable of initiating inflammatory responses, causing periprosthetic osteolysis and bone resorption at the implant-bone interface [3]. These responses can induce pain and loosening of the implant which leads to revision surgeries and in most cases the total change of the prosthesis
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