Abstract
A 2.5D numerical model of electron injector has been developed taking into account the thermal-electron velocities at the cathode. Three modes of operation are considered for hot-cathode diodes: initial-current, space-charge-limited current, and emission-current-saturation modes. The simulation results are compared with the measured current-temperature and current-voltage characteristics of injector for a traveling-wave tube based on a coupled-cavity chain.
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