Abstract
This work proposes new configurations for the desalination of salt water using systems based on coupling of membrane distillation with solar energy. This study is a comparison between two coupling configurations of the vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) hollow fiber module with salinity gradient solar pond (SGSP). The first configuration is a module membrane in series with SGSP and the second one is a hollow fiber module immersed in the SGSP. Two models describing the heat and mass transfer in the hollow fiber module and in the SGSP will be developed. The coupling of the two models allows the determination of the instantaneous variation of temperature and salinity in the SGSP and the permeate flow variation. A comparison of each module production was carried out. The mathematical model shows that the immersed module production presents more than one and a half times that of the separated module, their production reached 75 kg.day-1 per m² of the membrane in the third year. Thus, immersing the module in the solar pond improves the performance of the hollow fiber module.
Highlights
The vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) process is based on the evaporation of solvents through hydrophobic porous membranes promoted by applying vacuum or low pressure on the permeate side [1]
In order to study the contribution of solar energy effect and choose the most appropriate module configuration, a model describing the transfer in the module and the salinity gradient solar pond (SGSP) was developed
These models allow us to determine the instantaneous variation of hollow fiber module
Summary
The VMD process is based on the evaporation of solvents through hydrophobic porous membranes promoted by applying vacuum or low pressure on the permeate side [1]. The driving force of the pressure difference ∆P can be expressed hollow fiber module production along three years It provides a as follows: comparison of the water production of two coupling possibilities, the first of which is a module fed with SGSP (Figure 1A) and the second. The and Ps is the interfacial vapor pressure of pure water and can be coupling of the heat and mass transfer equations in the module and the evaluated using the Antoine equation: SGSP leads to the establishment of a model describing the functioning of each configuration. The resolution of these equations was carried out using a program that is developed on the Matlab calculation software The simulation of this program allows us to determine the different types of radiation (direct, diffuse and global) for a given day. The process of mass and heat transfer in solar pond is described in the following system of equations:. The resolution allows to determine the variations of the different temperatures and the daily distillate flow
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