Abstract
The dynamics of cavitation nanobubbles, generated after irradiation of a single-spherical gold nanoparticle with laser pulses in water, were investigated numerically to obtain a better understanding of the physical mechanisms involved in plasmonic photothermal therapy. The significant parameters of this study are the nanoparticle radius, laser pulse duration, and laser pulse fluence F. For laser fluences close to the fluence threshold for bubble formation, the maximum bubble radius is in the nanometer range, and the maximum pressure inside the bubble is smaller than 1.5 MPa. For laser fluences larger than the fluence threshold for bubble formation, the maximum bubble radius scales with the square root of laser fluence, and the maximum pressure inside the bubble during its first collapse is proportional to F0.25. The oscillation time of nanobubbles is smaller than that predicted by the Rayleigh formula. The numerical results are in good agreement with the available experimental data. The calculations of bubble dynamics can cover a large parameter range and may thus serve as a tool for the optimization of laser parameters in medical laser applications.
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