Abstract
The jet behavior of interlaced multiple nozzles and the impingement of multiple jets onto the surface of the molten metal bath in a steelmaking converter are numerically studied. The interlaced jet hydrodynamic behaviors such as jet profile, coalescence characteristics, and dynamic parameter distributions penetration depth and impact area, as well as time-dependent evolution of liquid bath are discussed. The results are compared with traditional nozzles. It is found that the single nozzle characteristics of staggered jet are similar to those of traditional jet. However, two sets of staggered nozzles with different flow rate and inclination angle having a less disturbance flows, cause weaker coalescence of the jets and larger area surrounded by isovelocity in the molten pool. In the initial stage of the interaction between the interlaced nozzles and the molten pool, the “low stirring zone” is more likely to concentrate in the outer side near the furnace wall than in the center of the molten pool. Two cavities, one deep and one shallow, are formed on the bath surface. The average depth of the two cavities is similar to traditional nozzles, and the diameter of the cavity is increased by about 11% compared to traditional nozzles.
Highlights
In basic oxygen furnace (BOF), the hyperbaric oxygen is transformed into the supersonic jets through a multi-hole nozzle and injected into the molten metal bath, during which the behaviors of supersonic jets play a key role in oxygen supply, slag-making and so on
The above analysis shows that the single jet characteristics of interlaced nozzles are similar to those of traditional nozzles
In the initial stage of interaction, the low stirring zone in the molten pool is more likely to deviate from the central of the converter
Summary
In basic oxygen furnace (BOF), the hyperbaric oxygen is transformed into the supersonic jets through a multi-hole nozzle and injected into the molten metal bath, during which the behaviors of supersonic jets play a key role in oxygen supply, slag-making and so on. it is especially important to comprehend the dynamic characteristics of supersonic jets and the physical reaction between top-blown jets and liquid steel. It is especially important to comprehend the dynamic characteristics of supersonic jets and the physical reaction between top-blown jets and liquid steel. The oxygen lance are used in metallurgical process has evolved from single-nozzle structure to multinozzle arrangement in which each nozzle has the same structure and size (Fig. 1(a)). With increasing requirement for lower cost and higher efficiency, these traditional lances failed to provide a satisfactory solution to the further optimization in the steel-making process, since they have inherent characteristics and some limitations in few operational factors controlling the jet behaviors in addition to the same nozzle structure and size.. Known as staggered lance, is characterized by two groups of nozzles with different inclination angles and flow rates.
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