Abstract
Improvement performance of centrifugal pumps is critical to reduce the consumption of electrical energy. One to improve the performance is to break down the circulation near the impeller exit. This can be achieved through the use of shorted blades. Effect of different sizes of shorted blade on pump performance is studied theoretically in this research which, test rig for testing centrifugal pump with standard impeller is constructed. Three impeller configurations with different size shorted blade are installed. The head, flow rate and shaft power are measured at 1500 rotational speed for the standard pump only. Also computational model using “Fluent” under ANSYS is constructed to predict the performance parameters of centrifugal pumps and to analyze the flow field in the impellers’ passages. Standard impeller (A) and three impellers configuration with different shorted blade length of 0.25 (configuration B), 0.2 (configuration C), and 0.15 (configuration D) of the full blade length are analyzed. Computational results show a reduction in flow circulation for all shorted blades impeller comparing to standard impeller. Also static pressure distributions at impeller exit become more uniform for impeller with 0.25, 0.2, and 0.15 shorted blades. The present work proves that the length of short blades have different effects for all pump cases. The best performance in this study occurred when shorted blades have length 25% from the original blade length. So when the effect of shorted blades is needed to study, each case of centrifugal pump should be investigated separately.
Highlights
Pump performance is obtained by the fluid dynamic inside the pumps from the structure design results
The main study in this case is haw to increase the number of blades with small increasing in friction losses this is phenomena of using short blades that increase the area of blades that impact the fluid to correct the angel of fluid leaves the impeller, and in the same time having small effect of friction due to impeller blades.so the question is how adding short blades between the original blades of the impeller make change in the pump performance
The analysis demonstrates how far the CFD-methods typically available in a commercial package can be used for the prediction of the head as function of flow rate for constant rotational speed
Summary
Pump performance is obtained by the fluid dynamic inside the pumps from the structure design results. The impeller is the most important parts to make extend in the overall performance. The total head developed by centrifugal pump is the resultant of the theoretical head developed by Euler’s equation minus hydraulic losses. The smallest number of blades,the smallest guide the fluid flow properly and allow additional mixing losses. Increase the number of blades, increase the pump theoretical head, too many number of blades result in decrease in efficiency due to the increasing blockage at inlet and skin friction through the impeller passage. The obtaining of number of blades to reduce total pump hydraulic losses has been investigated [1]
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