Abstract
ABSTRACTCylinders extend from the plat bottom of an open channel piercing the water free surface to mimic a patch of emergent vegetation and are often used as models in numerical simulations or experiments related to flow in the presence of vegetation. This work focuses on investigating the flow field structures induced by nonlinear waves passing through a cylinder patch with a diameter of DG and different solid volume fractions . A 3D non-hydrostatic numerical model is used to simulate the nonlinear wave passing through the emergent circular array of slender cylinders. The instantaneous vortical structures within the cylinder patch are clearly predicted by the numerical model. The residual flow reveals abundant flow characteristics of a long term-averaging wave motion. The 3D numerical model effectively presents the spatial and temporal wave process evolution, and contributes to highlighting vegetation flows under nonlinear waves.
Highlights
In estuarine and coastal reaches, vegetation plays a significant role in the attenuation of storm surges and waves
Compared to the porous numerical model, the direct numerical simulation of a flow passing through the solid cylinder patch is feasible for visualizing turbulent flow structures
The results reveal that the CDi values under longer incident waves were frequently smaller than those under shorter incident waves for a constant solid volume fraction (SVF)
Summary
In estuarine and coastal reaches, vegetation plays a significant role in the attenuation of storm surges and waves. The rigid vegetation is often modeled by solid vertical cylinders, by the effective approximation of the stems. For wave propagation through vegetation, the analytical method is of little practical use, because the viscous effect is more important and the number of vegetation stems is large. The computational cost of modeling flows through vegetation is often enormous, because of the large number of rigid stems and high grid resolution required to mimic solid obstructions. Compared to the porous numerical model, the direct numerical simulation of a flow passing through the solid cylinder patch is feasible for visualizing turbulent flow structures. A full 3D numerical model was used for the direct simulation of a nonlinear water wave passing through a finite group of cylinders with different solid volume fraction (SVF) values ( ). The velocity in the vertical σ coordinate is obtained by the following formula: qσ qz D qx D σ
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