Abstract
The present study is an attempt to elucidate mixed convection flow in a shear driven enclosure incorporating silver nanofluid with a square cylindrical heat source placed at several locations. The simplicity from the point of view of computational expense has been achieved by carrying out 2-D simulations using the finite volume method. The effects of the change in heat source locations are studied observing the isotherms and average Nusselt number with respect to the concentration of silver in the nanofluid (0%, 1%, 3%, and 5%) and Richardson number (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10) as decisive parameters. Prandtl number and Grashof number have been fixed to 6.2 and 104 respectively. The investigation is undertaken for five different locations of the square cylindrical heater. The study shows that maximum heat dissipation at higher Reynolds number occurs when the heater is placed near the bottom right corner of the enclosure; whereas in case of low Reynolds number, the heater when placed near the top left a corner of the enclosure yields maximum heat transfer. The investigation also yields a positive correlation between average Nusselt number with increasing silver concentration.
Highlights
Heat transfer is a fundamental phenomenon with a wide range of applications from nanofluids (Ahmad and Pop, 2010; Sharma et al, 2019; Ahuja, 2019) to prominent conventional energy sources like solar energy (Ideriah, 1980) and nuclear reactors (Guardo et al, 2006; Cha and Jaluria, 1984)
The heater lies at the centre of this eddy and heat is trapped within the eddy. This results in poor heat dissipation that can be seen in the isotherms of Case 1, which shows high isotherm concentration at the centre depicting poor heat transfer at low Reynolds number
As the Richardson number increases and the heat transfer transforms from forced to natural convection, the geometrical configuration of Case 2 seems to show great improvement in its heat dissipation capability; having maximum heat transfer rates for the Richardson number of 1 and 10
Summary
Heat transfer is a fundamental phenomenon with a wide range of applications from nanofluids (Ahmad and Pop, 2010; Sharma et al, 2019; Ahuja, 2019) to prominent conventional energy sources like solar energy (Ideriah, 1980) and nuclear reactors (Guardo et al, 2006; Cha and Jaluria, 1984). Tiwari and Das (2007) investigated the behaviour of nanofluids inside a differentially heated enclosure. Their results showed that the heat transfer profile of the flow was affected by both the direction of the moving walls and the Richardson number. It was found that the addition of nanoparticles and an increase in their volume concentration enhances the heat transfer rate for various Richardson numbers. Based on these results, the present study incorporates silver nanofluid as the medium of flow as silver possesses higher thermal conductivity than water and its addition significantly improves the conductivity of the mixture. The non-dimensional transport equations of mass, momentum, and energy for steady and incompressible flow are depicted in Eq (1-4)
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