Numerical investigation of liquid metamaterial-based superstrate microstrip radiating structure

Abstract

In this paper, we present a novel microstrip antenna system that combines liquid and metamaterial properties to achieve higher gain, higher operating bandwidth, and multiple operating frequency bands. This is achieved by stacking multiple liquid-based-metamaterial superstrate passive structures over the active patch. The circular active microstrip patch antenna is loaded with two layers (stacked one-above-the-other) of passive superstrate patches to improve the antenna system performance. Initially, to test and compare the concept-hypothesis, the superstrate is loaded with a conventional copper-based multiple split-ring resonators superstrate passive patch, followed by the liquid counterpart - liquid-based multiple split-ring resonators (liquid-metamaterial) superstrate passive patch, to achieve higher antenna system performances. The study shows that; compared to the copper-based superstrate, the liquid-based superstrate loading increases reflectance response, Gain, the operational bandwidth, and also open vistas for multiple frequency operation of the antenna system. Attention is drawn to the fact that the antenna system gain is enhanced by the liquid-based multiple split-ring resonators superstrate incorporated microstrip patch antenna system with high gain. Position of patches is arranged in two ways. Firstly arranged in center position one another and in secondly they are arranged in one-sided. By shifting patches in one-sided reflectance response will enhance that covers different strategic applications in the Wearable, Bio-monitoring, C-band and other extended wireless communication applications.