Numerical Homogenization of Multi-Layered Corrugated Cardboard with Creasing or Perforation.

Tomasz Garbowski,Damian Mrówczyński,Anna Knitter-Piątkowska

doi:10.3390/ma14143786

Tomasz Garbowski, Damian Mrówczyński + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14143786

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Abstract

The corrugated board packaging industry is increasingly using advanced numerical tools to design and estimate the load capacity of its products. This is why numerical analyses are becoming a common standard in this branch of manufacturing. Such trends cause either the use of advanced computational models that take into account the full 3D geometry of the flat and wavy layers of corrugated board, or the use of homogenization techniques to simplify the numerical model. The article presents theoretical considerations that extend the numerical homogenization technique already presented in our previous work. The proposed here homogenization procedure also takes into account the creasing and/or perforation of corrugated board (i.e., processes that undoubtedly weaken the stiffness and strength of the corrugated board locally). However, it is not always easy to estimate how exactly these processes affect the bending or torsional stiffness. What is known for sure is that the degradation of stiffness depends, among other things, on the type of cut, its shape, the depth of creasing as well as their position or direction in relation to the corrugation direction. The method proposed here can be successfully applied to model smeared degradation in a finite element or to define degraded interface stiffnesses on a crease line or a perforation line.

Highlights

The proposed numerical method was first verified by direct comparison of the obtained results with the existing solutions from the literature
A reference solution is available from Buannic et al [39]
On the basis of the conducted analyses and the obtained results, it can be concluded that the perforations to a greater or lesser extent affected the stiffness degradation in the sub-matrix and in the submatrix, and in the sub-matrix

Summary

Introduction

Colorful boxes and packaging are designed to attract the customers’ attention and, as a consequence, to drive the sales of various goods ranging from bulky products, through food, children’s toys, cosmetics, and many others. A growing awareness of concern for the natural environment has led many companies to opt for packaging that can be recycled or disposed of, biodegradable, and space-saving after manufacturing. A corrugated cardboard undoubtedly has all of these qualities. Corrugated cardboard is easy to shape via creasing along the suitable lines and, creating openings, ventilation holes, or perforations does not cause much difficulty. The latter is essential with regard to shelf-ready packaging (SRP)

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