Numerical experiments on the stability of disklike galaxies

Abstract

It is noted that the stability properties of available galactic models are not consistent with presumptions based on observation and that axisymmetric disk systems with velocity dispersions like those of the Galaxy display major changes in form on a dynamical time scale. A report is given on a series of numerical experiments carried out as part of a systematic search for purely self-consistent disk galaxy models that might undergo little change over the time of several galactic rotations. The stability problem is reviewed, the method and calculations used are described, and initial conditions are outlined. The problem of estimating growth rates is discussed, and growth rates are evaluated for various disturbances. Experimental results are presented concerning growths of axisymmetric disturbances in 'cold' systems as well as disturbances with m = 1, 2, and 3. It is found that m = 2 disturbances are the most virulent and should dominate when all m values are allowed, but that the most rapidly growing disturbances are inhibited when several m values are allowed.