Abstract
We applied the direct numerical simulation (DNS) to study a principle of drag reduction by attenuating the spanwise fluctuation in near wall region. A simple forcing model was introduced into the Navier-Stokes equation to represent the spanwise drag. Such a drag was applied in particular wave-number space to search the most efficient scale for the operation. The friction drag was effectively reduced when the forcing was given in the wave-number region including streak spacing. However, we could not narrow the range to realize the most effective drag-reduction, because the wall-normal component of turbulence energy grew in the uncontrolled scale. Our result suggested that the manipulation on a particular scale was not effective, but it is necessary to restrain the spanwise fluctuation over a certain spatial scale to achieve the drag-reduction.
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