Numerical Examination of Thermophysical Properties of Cobalt Ferroparticles over a Wavy Surface Saturated in Non-Darcian Porous Medium

Abstract

Abstract In this study, the effect of magnetic field on an incompressible ferrofluid flow along a vertical wavy surface saturated in a porous medium is investigated. Ferrofluid is made by incorporating magnetic particles, in this case cobalt, at the nanoscale level into a base fluid. For the study of porous medium two well-known models, namely, Darcy and non-Darcy, are used. The mathematical model in terms of governing partial differential equations which are based on conservation laws in mechanics according to the assumption is developed, and this model is converted into a dimensionless form by suitable transformations. Due to the complex non-linear partial differential equations, the numerical solution is calculated by using an implicit finite difference scheme. The impact of involved parameters, namely, magnetic parameter, nanoparticle volume fraction parameter, the amplitude of the wavy surface, and the Grashof number, on Nusselt and average Nusselt numbers are studied through graphs and tables. The results show that for large values of the magnetic parameter, both the Nusselt number and the average Nusselt number decrease in ferrofluid flow. The value of the Nusselt number in the Darcy model is higher than the value of the Nusselt number in the non-Darcy model.