Abstract
The flow of granular materials in hoppers is studied. In industrial applications, inserts of various sizes and shapes are often used to improve the flow properties and get rid of undesirable effects such as material sticking to the walls, funnel flow, arching, etc. We study the case of inverted conical inserts in conical hoppers. In spite of the complexity of the phenomenon as observed in practice, existing methods assume in general a radial structure of the stress and velocity fields. A new numerical approach to the problem of designing “optimal” inserts is proposed and tested. It allows for non-purely radial solutions. General comments about the overall approach and its relationship with experiments are offered.
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