Abstract
In this study, a novel fiber with slit-crescent-shaped cross-section is proposed to enhance the filtration performance of PM2.5 in fibrous filtration. The collection efficiency of this fiber is simulated by using a Brownian dynamics simulation technique, and its filtration pressure drop is obtained by numerically solving Navier-Stokes equation with Fluent software. A parametric study is performed to improve the optimum filtration performance of the slit-crescent-shaped fiber via adjusting its structural parameters (dimensionless center-to-center spacing and slit width). Results indicate that at the optimal condition, i.e., when dimensionless slit width ranges from 0.2 to 0.4, collection efficiency is enhanced by 13.1%–101.1% relative to the circular fiber for particles ranging from 0.1μm to 2.5μm for the slit-crescent-shaped fiber under various dimensionless center-to-center spacing, and filtration pressure drop is reduced by up to 14.4%. In addition, quality factor is introduced to evaluate the comprehensive filtration performance of the slit-crescent-shaped fiber with different structural parameters, and results show that large dimensionless slit width and small dimensionless center-to-center spacing lead to a much higher quality factor than the circular fiber, especially for particles lager than 0.5μm. The numerical results obtained in this work are conducive to designing high efficiency fibrous filters.
Highlights
Respirable aerosol particles (PM2.5, particle diameter 2.5μm) emitted from nature and human activities are harmful and can damage the respiratory immune function as well as the central nervous and cardiovascular systems of human body [1, 2]
An effective novel non-circular fiber with slit-crescent-shaped cross-section is employed to lower pressure drop and enhance collection efficiency
Effects of fiber structural parameters, including dimensionless center-to-center spacing and dimensionless slit width on filtration performance of the slit-crescent-shaped fiber are investigated by numerical methods
Summary
Respirable aerosol particles (PM2.5, particle diameter 2.5μm) emitted from nature and human activities are harmful and can damage the respiratory immune function as well as the central nervous and cardiovascular systems of human body [1, 2]. Numerical simulations by Hosseini and Vahedi Tafreshi [20] indicated that the difference between collection efficiency of square fibers and circular ones were negligibly small for particles ranging from 0.1μm to 0.7μm, filtration pressure drop of the former is higher than the later. Tafreshi et al [20, 28] numerically simulated the filtration process of trilobal fibers, and found that despite having a higher collection efficiency than circular fibers for sub-microparticles (0.1μm–1μm), trilobal fibers had a lower quality factor because of its much higher pressure drop. A novel fiber with slit-crescent-shaped cross-section is proposed to lower filtration pressure drop and enhance collection efficiency of PM2.5. The current work aims to present a new kind of non-circular cross-sectional fiber which can achieve a much higher quality factor for PM2.5 filtration, hoping to contribute to fibrous filter design and improvement of filtration performance in practical engineering
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