Abstract
Reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels, e.g. EUROFER, are to be used as structural material for the first wall (FW) of future fusion power plants. The interaction between the plasma and the FW, especially physical sputtering, will limit the FW lifetime under normal operation. Therefore, a tungsten coating should be selected to protect the FW due to its low sputtering yield, low activation, high melting point and high thermal conductivity. However, the mismatch of thermo-physical properties between W and EUROFER induces large residual thermal stresses and even failure of components. Functionally graded material (FGM) is considered as an appropriate solution to mitigate the high residual stresses.In this work, W coatings on EUROFER substrates with W/EUROFER FG-layer (the coating system) are investigated by means of finite element (FE) simulations considering elasto-perfectly plastic and elasto-viscoplastic material models. For determining optimal parameters of the coating system the vacuum plasma spraying (VPS) fabrication process and the operation phase of the fusion reactor are simulated. Based on the FE results creep assessment of the coating system is performed demonstrating the gain in lifetime to be expected when using a FG-layer and investigating its dependence on the thickness of the FG-layer.
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